0379 | Photo | SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen"

Members of the SS Division "Prinz Eugen" transmitting a message through photophone (Lichtsprechgerät 80), a device that uses light beams to transmit speech over long distances. This kind of technology was extremely helpful to the German troops in the hills of Yugoslavia, because it allowed easy and fast transmission of messages, without the possibility of interception by the enemy.

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Eugen Nonnenmacher, SS War Correspondent Battalion.

Date: 1943.

Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: "The speaking light. The most modern technology is found in the German Armed Forces, deployed and used. Like a speaking light device. A grenadier reads the message, just brought in by a messenger, into the microphone, and the light-speaking device converts the words into rays that are reconverted into sound by the remote receiving device. In this way, the distances are easily bridged and the speed of action in battle-decisive moments is determined by this ingenious and most modern equipment, which cannot be intercepted by the enemy."

Sources: Michael Sharpe, Brian L. Davis, Das Reich – Waffen-SS Armoured Elite, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, Surrey, 2003, p. 73; The National Archives, ADM 220/1634; Eugen Nonnenmacher, "Das sprechende Licht", Deutsche Zeitung in den Niederlanden, Amsterdam, 09.09.1943, vol. IV, no 96, p. 1.

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Index

Pripadnici SS-divizije "Princ Ojgen" prenose poruku putem fotofona (Lichtsprechgerät 80), uređaja koji svetlosnim zracima prenosi govor preko velikih udaljenosti. Ovakva tehnologija bila je od velike pomoći nemačkoj vojsci u brdima Jugoslavije, jer je omogućavala lak i brz prenos poruka, bez mogućnosti presretanja od strane neprijatelja.

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Ojgen Nonenmaher, Ratnodopisnički bataljon SS-a.

Datum: 1943.

Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: "Svetlo koje govori. Najsavremenija tehnologija nalazi se u nemačkim oružanim snagama, u upotrebi i primeni. Kao što je svetlosni uređaj koji govori. Grenadir čita poruku, koju je upravo doneo kurir, u mikrofon, a svetlosnogovorni uređaj pretvara reči u zrake koje vraća u zvuk udaljeni prijemnik. Na ovaj način daljine su lako premostive, a brzinu dejstva u odlučujućim trenucima borbe određuje ova genijalna i najsavremenija oprema, koju neprijatelj ne može presretati."

Izvori: Michael Sharpe, Brian L. Davis, Das Reich – Waffen-SS Armoured Elite, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, Surrey, 2003, str. 73; The National Archives, ADM 220/1634; Eugen Nonnenmacher, "Das sprechende Licht", Deutsche Zeitung in den Niederlanden, Amsterdam, 09.09.1943, god. IV, br. 96, str. 1.

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0378 | Photo | Srpski dobrovoljački korpus

Young Serbian volunteers posing on a staircase with a cute little girl (probably the daughter of one of them). Like other members of the Serbian Volunteer Corps, the men wear uniforms of the Yugoslav Army, with a Serbian coat of arms on their caps and a volunteer cross on their chests.

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.

Date: 1943/1944.

Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: unknown.

Sources: Stevan Piroćanac, Srpski dobrovoljci 1941–1945 u reči i slici, Iskra, Northampton, 1991, p. 151; Borivoje M. Karapandžić, Građanski rat u Srbiji 1941–1945, Društvo Hilandar, Valjevo, 2010, p. 196.

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Index

Mladi srpski dobrovoljci poziraju na stepeništu sa slatkom malom devojčicom (verovatno ćerkom jednog od njih). Kao i ostali pripadnici Srpskog dobrovoljačkog korpusa, mladići nose uniforme jugoslovenske vojske, sa srpskim grbom na kapi i dobrovoljačkim krstom na prsima.

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.

Datum: 1943/1944.

Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: Stevan Piroćanac, Srpski dobrovoljci 1941–1945 u reči i slici, Iskra, Northampton, 1991, str. 151; Borivoje M. Karapandžić, Građanski rat u Srbiji 1941–1945, Društvo Hilandar, Valjevo, 2010, str. 196.

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0377 | Photo | Höherer SS- und Polizeiführer Alpenland

Operation "Kočevje". The SS and Police Commander of the Alpine Region, SS-Gruppenführer Erwin Rösener (in a muddy leather overcoat), and the commander of the 162nd (Turkestani) Infantry Division, Major General Oskar von Niedermayer (in greatcoat), observe a Panzer IV of the 13th Police Armoured Company (packed with mountain troopers of the 19th SS Police Regiment) crossing the river Rinža – on their way to the Kočevje castle, which is besieged by the Partisans (on the far left: a motorcyclist armed with an MP 35 submachine gun). (Note: this is a rare example of an SS and police commander personally participating in an anti-partisan action.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.

Date: 12 December 1943.

Location: Kočevje, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: no caption.

Sources: eBay, bobbau-militaria, 222910448526; Franci Strle, Tomšičeva brigada, Naša obramba, Ljubljana, 1989, bk 3, p. 604; Fotografski dokumenti o boju Komunistične partije Slovenije, Muzej ljudske revolucije Slovenije, Inštitut za zgodovino delavskega gibanja, Ljubljana, 1963, vol. II, bk 3, pp. 224, 228–229; "Did Rösener personally participate in the battle of Kočevje (Gottschee) 1943?", Axis History Forum, 02.05.2018, p. 1. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

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Index

Operacija "Kočevje". Komandant SS-a i policije Alpske oblasti, SS-grupenfirer Ervin Rezener (u blatnjavom kožnom mantilu), i komandant 162. (turkestanske) pešadijske divizije, general-major Oskar fon Nidermajer (u šinjelu), posmatraju prelazak jednog pancera IV iz 13. policijske oklopne čete (nakrcanog brdskim lovcima 19. policijskog SS-puka) preko reke Rinže – na putu ka kočevskom zamku, koji se nalazi pod partizanskom opsadom (sasvim levo: jedan motociklista naoružan automatom MP 35). (Napomena: ovo je redak primer ličnog učešća jednog komandanta SS-a i policije u akciji protiv partizana.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.

Datum: 12. decembar 1943.

Mesto: Kočevje, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: bez natpisa.

Izvori: eBay, bobbau-militaria, 222910448526; Franci Strle, Tomšičeva brigada, Naša obramba, Ljubljana, 1989, knj. 3, str. 604; Fotografski dokumenti o boju Komunistične partije Slovenije, Muzej ljudske revolucije Slovenije, Inštitut za zgodovino delavskega gibanja, Ljubljana, 1963, tom II, knj. 3, str. 224, 228–229; "Did Rösener personally participate in the battle of Kočevje (Gottschee) 1943?", Axis History Forum, 02.05.2018, str. 1. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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0376 | Photo | SS-Fallschirmjäger-Bataillon 500

Operation "Knight's Move". Members of the 500th SS Parachute Battalion jumping out of the Junkers (Ju 52) aircrafts of the 4th Transport Wing over Drvar (seen in the foreground is a DFS 230 glider of the 1st Airborne Wing). It is the second wave of paratroopers, who landed near the cemetery around noon and were met by Partisan fire while in the air, suffering heavy casualties. Among others, killed during the jump was the deputy battalion commander, SS-Hauptsturmführer Obermaier.

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Karnath, Air Force War Correspondent Battalion South-East.

Date: 25 May 1944.

Location: Drvar (district of Bosanski Petrovac), Yugoslavia.

Original caption: "Airborne troops and paratroopers smash Tito's headquarters. The jump into the battle. From transport planes, the German paratroopers dive into the valley, in which Josip Broz has hidden his 'bodyguard'."

Sources: NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 20757; Karel Margry, "Operation 'Rösselsprung' – The airborne raid on Tito's headquarters", After the Battle, Essex, 15.08.2014, no 165, pp. 9–10, 26–27. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

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Index

Operacija "Potez skakačem". Pripadnici 500. padobranskog SS-bataljona iskaču iz junkersovih aviona (Ju 52) 4. transportnog puka nad Drvarom (u prvom planu se vidi jedna jedrilica DFS 230 iz 1. vazdušnodesantnog puka). U pitanju je drugi talas padobranaca, koji je oko podneva spušten u blizini groblja i još u vazduhu bio dočekan partizanskim rafalima, pretrpevši osetne gubitke. Između ostalih, prilikom skoka je poginuo i zamenik komandanta bataljona, SS-hauptšturmfirer Obermajer.

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Karnat, Vazduhoplovni ratnodopisnički bataljon Jugoistok.

Datum: 25. maj 1944.

Mesto: Drvar (srez Bosanskopetrovački), Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: "Vazdušnodesantne jedinice i padobranci razbijaju Titov štab. Skok u borbu. Iz transportnih aviona obrušavaju se nemački padobranci u dolinu, u kojoj je Josip Broz skrio svoju 'telesnu gardu'."

Izvori: NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 20757; Karel Margry, "Operation 'Rösselsprung' – The airborne raid on Tito's headquarters", After the Battle, Essex, 15.08.2014, br. 165, str. 9–10, 26–27. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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0375 | Photo | 183. Infanterie-Division

Operation 25. With bayonets on their rifles and wet from the rain, German soldiers, members of the Bicycle Squadron, 183rd Infantry Division, enter the town of Ptuj, cautiously observing the streets and windows (on the right: signposts for Ormož, Zagreb, Budapest, Maribor, Rogaška Slatina and Ljubljana).

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Weber, 649th Propaganda Company.

Date: 8 April 1941.

Location: Ptuj, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: "This Yugoslav town on the Drava, which was first inhabited by ethnic Germans, represents an important [...] point, as the signposts show. It was therefore defended by the Yugoslavs even in the streets. Men of a reconnaissance team fighting the scattered Yugoslav troops."

Sources: Nationaal Archief, 27021A 033; NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 3586; "Kampf in Griechenland", Deutsche Zeitung in den Niederlanden, Amsterdam, 20.04.1941, vol. I, no 315, p. 4. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

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Index

Operacija 25. Sa bajonetima na puškama, pokisli nemački vojnici, pripadnici biciklističkog eskadrona 183. pešadijske divizije, ulaze u grad Ptuj, obazrivo osmatrajući ulice i prozore (desno: putokazi za Ormož, Zagreb, Budimpeštu, Maribor, Rogašku Slatinu i Ljubljanu).

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Veber, 649. propagandna četa.

Datum: 8. april 1941.

Mesto: Ptuj, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: "Ovaj jugoslovenski grad na Dravi, koji su prvi nastanili folksdojčeri, predstavlja važnu [...] tačku, kao što se vidi po putokazima. Zato su ga Jugosloveni branili i na ulicama. Pripadnici jedne izvidnice u borbama sa rasutim jugoslovenskim jedinicama."

Izvori: Nationaal Archief, 27021A 033; NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 3586; "Kampf in Griechenland", Deutsche Zeitung in den Niederlanden, Amsterdam, 20.04.1941, god. I, br. 315, str. 4. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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0374 | Photo | 1. Gebirgs-Division

Operation "Ball Lightning". Like a snow avalanche, the white motorised columns of the 1st Mountain Division slide down the snow-covered hills of Sandžak towards the units of the II Proletarian Division, at the beginning of the operation named after the well known atmospheric phenomenon, the unpredictable and deadly ball lightning (Kugelblitz). The German attack was indeed sudden, powerful and lethal: during the fighting for Prijepolje, on the first day of the operation, the surprised I Šumadija Brigade lost two-thirds of its men. The Partisans were defending desperately, getting killed, jumping in panic into the Lim and disappearing in the dark waters of the icy river. The massacre of the smashed Partisan units continued on the following day, about which the deputy commander of the II Proletarian Brigade, Miodrag Milovanović "Lune", wrote in his diary: "The Germans made a breakthrough early in the morning and stormed to Pljevlja by road. Already at 2 p.m., they were in Pljevlja. They surprised our men at Jabuka, finding entire columns of supplies and men on the road. Men couldn't believe that the tanks were German. Some tried to stop them waving their hands for a lift, while the Germans, those bandits and butchers, killed whoever they wanted and however they wanted. They simply sat on tanks and, like hunters, shot with pistols whoever they liked. They called the Partisans to come and take a ride on their tanks, pushing down the road through our columns, while our men, having spotted the tanks, fled in all directions."

Text: Ivan Ž.; Miodrag Milovanović "Lune".

Photographer: Günter Thiede, Army War Correspondent Platoon F.

Date: 4 December 1943.

Location: unknown (district of Mileševa), Yugoslavia.

Original caption: "The gangs are mopped up. The motorcyclists often need to overcome extraordinary difficulties in the mountains of Bosnia, especially when mud and snow get stuck between the fenders and wheels, or when they descend steep mountain slopes."

Sources: Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe, 2-541; Isidor Đuković, Prva šumadijska brigada, Vojnoizdavački zavod, Beograd, 1978, pp. 288, 331, 338; Günter Thiede, "Mit den Banden wird aufgeräumt", Marburger Zeitung, 05.01.1944, vol. LXXXIV, no 5, p. 1. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

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Index

Operacija "Loptasta munja". Poput snežne lavine obrušavaju se bele motorizovane kolone 1. brdske divizije niz zavejana brda Sandžaka prema jedinicama II proleterske divizije, na početku operacije nazvane po poznatom atmosferskom fenomenu, nepredvidivoj i ubitačnoj loptastoj munji (Kugelblitz). Nemački napad je zaista bio iznenadan, silovit i smrtonosan: u borbama za Prijepolje, prvog dana operacije, zatečena I šumadijska brigada izgubila je dve trećine svog ljudstva. Partizani su se očajnički branili, ginuli, panično skakali u Lim i nestajali u mutnoj vodi ledene reke. Masakr razbijenih partizanskih jedinica nastavljen je i sutradan, o čemu je zamenik komandanta II proleterske brigade, Miodrag Milovanović Lune, u svom dnevniku zapisao sledeće: "Nemci su izjutra rano napravili proboj i projurili drumom za Pljevlja. Već u 14 časova oni su bili u Pljevljima. Na Jabuci su naše iznenadili i čitave kolone komore i ljudstva našli su na drumu. Ljudi uopšte nisu verovali da su to nemački tenkovi. Neki su ih zaustavljali i mahali rukama da ih povezu, a Nemci, banditi i kasapi, ubijali su koga su hteli i kako su hteli. Prosto su sedeli na tenkovima i kao lovci ubijali iz revolvera koga im se svidi. Vikali su na partizane da dođu da ih vozaju na tenkovima i tako su gurali cestom kroz naše kolone, a ljudstvo je, videvši tenkove, bežalo na sve strane."

Tekst: Ivan Ž.; Miodrag Milovanović Lune.

Fotograf: Ginter Tide, Vojni ratnodopisnički vod F.

Datum: 4. decembar 1943.

Mesto: nepoznato (srez Mileševski), Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: "Bande su počišćene. Motociklisti u planinama Bosne često moraju da savladaju izuzetne napore, posebno kada se blato i sneg zaglave između blatobrana i točkova, ili kad se spuštaju niz strme brdske padine."

Izvori: Narodowe Archiwum Cyfrowe, 2-541; Isidor Đuković, Prva šumadijska brigada, Vojnoizdavački zavod, Beograd, 1978, str. 288, 331, 338; Günter Thiede, "Mit den Banden wird aufgeräumt", Marburger Zeitung, 05.01.1944, god. LXXXIV, br. 5, str. 1. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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0373 | Photo | Narodnooslobodilačka vojska Jugoslavije

Operation "White". Four unknown men, Partisans and (or) their aides, hanged (in pairs) by members of the German-Croatian "Devil's Division" in front of the command post in Bosanska Krupa. (It is the same spot where the 17-year-old Partisan girl Lepa Radić was hanged.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.

Date: February 1943.

Location: Bosanska Krupa, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: unknown.

Sources: Janusz Piekalkiewicz, Krieg auf dem Balkan, 1940–1945, Bechtermünz Verlag GmbH, Eltville am Rhein, 1989, p. 141; eMedals, G33852; Mila Beoković, Žene heroji, Svjetlost, Sarajevo, 1967, pp. 358–359.

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Index

Operacija "Belo". Četvorica nepoznatih muškaraca, partizana i (ili) njihovih pomagača, obešenih (u parovima) od strane pripadnika nemačko-hrvatske "Vražje divizije" pred zgradom komande u Bosanskoj Krupi. (U pitanju je isto mesto na kojem je obešena sedamnaestogodišnja partizanka Lepa Radić.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.

Datum: februar 1943.

Mesto: Bosanska Krupa, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: Janusz Piekalkiewicz, Krieg auf dem Balkan, 1940–1945, Bechtermünz Verlag GmbH, Eltville am Rhein, 1989, str. 141; eMedals, G33852; Mila Beoković, Žene heroji, Svjetlost, Sarajevo, 1967, str. 358–359.

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0372 | Photo | 21. Waffen-Gebirgs-Division der SS "Skanderbeg" (albanische Nr. 1)

Operation "Daredevil". An extremely rare shot of members of the Albanian SS Division "Skanderbeg" in the company of Yugoslav Chetniks (a couple of local men, probably used as scouts), during lunch at the Čakor Pass (outside the frame, there are also Albanian militiamen and troops of the 181st infantry and "Prinz Eugen" divisions).

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Ernst A. Zwilling, Air Force War Correspondent Battalion South-East.

Date: July 1944.

Location: Čakor Pass (district of Andrijevica), Yugoslavia.

Original caption: unknown.

File source: ECPAD, LFT SO F2677 L24.

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Operacija "Drznik". Izuzetno redak snimak pripadnika albanske SS-divizije "Skenderbeg" u društvu jugoslovenskih četnika (par lokalnih mladića, verovatno korišćenih za izviđanje), za vreme ručka na Čakoru (van kadra se nalaze i albanski milicioneri, kao i trupe 181. pešadijske i divizije "Princ Ojgen").

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Ernst A. Cviling, Vazduhoplovni ratnodopisnički bataljon Jugoistok.

Datum: jul 1944.

Mesto: prevoj Čakor (srez Andrijevički), Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvor fajla: ECPAD, LFT SO F2677 L24.

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0371 | Photo | Infanterie-Regiment "Großdeutschland" (mot.)

Execution of hostages in Pančevo. Young Germans, members of the elite "Großdeutschland" Regiment, escorting a group of civilians, Serbs and Jews, to the gallows at the Orthodox cemetery in Pančevo. Among the hostages, there are professors, students, clerks, craftsmen... These poor people would be hanged in retaliation for a rebel attack on German soldiers, in which one soldier was killed and one was wounded, and for "committing the crime of violence against ethnic Germans" (i.e. for the riots caused by the March coup). In spite of the horrible fate and injustice – being condemned to death for chauvinist-propaganda reasons – the hostages went to their execution peacefully, holding their heads high. The photographer, war correspondent Gerhard Gronefeld, stated the same after the war: "It was astonishing to me that they went to death with such dignity. Some of them even shouted 'Long live Yugoslavia!' I wonder if at least one German would have died a dignified death like that."

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Gerhard Gronefeld.

Date: 22 April 1941.

Location: Pančevo, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: unknown.

File source: Deutsches Historisches Museum, GG 387/22.

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Pogubljenje talaca u Pančevu. Mladi Nemci, pripadnici elitnog puka "Velika Nemačka", sprovode grupu civila, Srba i Jevreja, na vešala na pravoslavnom groblju u Pančevu. Među taocima su profesori, studenti, činovnici, zanatlije... Ovi nesrećnici biće obešeni u cilju odmazde za ustanički napad na nemačke vojnike, u kojem je jedan vojnik ubijen i jedan ranjen, i zbog "vršenja zločina nasilja nad folksdojčerima" (tj. zbog nereda prouzrokovanih martovskim pučem). Uprkos strašnoj sudbini i nepravdi – osudi na smrt iz šovinističko-propagandnih razloga – taoci su na pogubljenje otišli mirno, uzdignutih glava. O tome je posle rata svedočio i autor ove fotografije, ratni dopisnik Gerhard Gronefeld: "Za mene je bilo zadivljujuće to što su tako uspravno odlazili u smrt. Neki od njih su čak uzviknuli 'Živela Jugoslavija!' Pitam se da li bi ijedan Nemac tako dostojanstveno poginuo."

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Gerhard Gronefeld.

Datum: 22. april 1941.

Mesto: Pančevo, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvor fajla: Deutsches Historisches Museum, GG 387/22.

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0370 | Photo | 13. SS-Freiwilligen b. h. Gebirgs-Division (Kroatien)

Operation "Sava". After a hard, seven-month training in France and Germany, a bloody mutiny, political-religious brainwashing, march through Syrmia and cleansing of the Bosut Forest – the stirred-up, impatient and armed-to-the-teeth Bosnian SS volunteers finally return home, ready to fight. Upon arriving in Brčko, the new headquarters of the 13th SS Division, the volunteers take over the watch at the Sava Bridge, at the town entrance. (Note: instead of the usual hand grenades, some of the soldiers stuck trench knives in their belts.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Eugen Nonnenmacher, SS Regiment "Kurt Eggers".

Date: March 1944.

Location: Brčko, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: "They are coming back, ready to fight! Immediately upon arriving, a detachment takes over the watch in front of an important bridge at the town entrance."

File source: NIOD / Beeldbank WO2, 3616.

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files – using text without crediting the original author – using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.

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Operacija "Sava". Posle naporne, sedmomesečne obuke u Francuskoj i Nemačkoj, jedne krvave pobune, političko-verskog ispiranja mozga, marša kroz Srem i čišćenja Bosutskih šuma – nahuškani, nestrpljivi i do zuba naoružani bosanski SS-dobrovoljci konačno se vraćaju kući, za borbu spremni. Po dolasku u Brčko, novo sedište 13. SS-divizije, dobrovoljci preuzimaju stražu kod Savskog mosta, na ulazu u grad. (Napomena: neki od vojnika su, umesto uobičajenih ručnih bombi, za pojas zadenuli rovovske noževe.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Ojgen Nonenmaher, SS-puk "Kurt Egers".

Datum: mart 1944.

Mesto: Brčko, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: "Vraćaju se, za borbu spremni! Odmah po dolasku, jedan odred preuzima stražu ispred važnog mosta na ulazu u grad."

Izvor fajla: NIOD / Beeldbank WO2, 3616.

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0369 | Photo | SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen"

Operation "Black". The commander of the "Prinz Eugen" Division, SS-Gruppenführer Artur Phleps (on the right), in conversation with the assistant to the division chief of staff (O1), SS-Hauptsturmführer Eggert Neumann, on their way to Bileća, during the cleansing of Eastern Herzegovina from Chetnik units. A couple of days earlier, the Commander-in-Chief South-East informed the High Command: "The Chetniks are retreating before the SS division with Italian help to the south-east." (Although the disarming of the Chetniks had been planned since February, the Italian commanders still opposed its implementation, believing that it would only strengthen the Partisan forces and increase the already critical situation in their territory.) Phleps particularly had problems with the Italians in Bileća; a quote from the book "Forward, Prinz Eugen!" by Otto Kumm: "On [18] May, the 2nd regiment reached the town of Bileća, through Fatnica and Plana. The Italian division commander made General Phleps, who followed behind the vanguard, wait 20 minutes at the edge of the town. Hauptsturmführer Neumann, who had landed in a Stork in Bileća to meet with the Italians, was forced to take off. The Italians did not want to allow passage through Bileća. General Phleps requested a Stuka squadron, which then circled over Bileća, the division's armoured company was deployed on the town's outskirts, demonstrating the seriousness of the situation to the Italians – as a final ultimatum – and only then the advance was finally allowed to continue."

Text: Ivan Ž. / Otto Kumm.

Photographer: Anton Wickl, SS War Correspondent Battalion.

Date: 18 May 1943.

Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.

Original caption: unknown.

File source: National Archives, 242-JRP-82-22-29.

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files – using text without crediting the original author – using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.

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Operacija "Crno". Komandant divizije "Princ Ojgen", SS-grupenfirer Artur Fleps (desno), u razgovoru sa pomoćnikom načelnika štaba divizije (O1), SS-hauptšturmfirerom Egertom Nojmanom, na putu ka Bileći, za vreme čišćenja istočne Hercegovine od četničkih jedinica. Par dana ranije, komandant Jugoistoka je Vrhovnoj komandi javio: "Četnici odstupaju pred SS-divizijom uz pomoć Italijana ka jugoistoku." (Iako je razoružavanje četnika planirano još od februara, italijanski komandanti su se i dalje protivili njegovom sprovođenju, smatrajući da bi time samo ojačali partizanske snage i pojačali već uveliko kritičnu situaciju na svojoj teritoriji.) Fleps je u Bileći posebno imao problema sa Italijanima; citat iz knjige "Napred, Princ Ojgen!" Ota Kuma: "Dana [18.] maja stigao je 2. puk preko Fatnice i Plane do grada Bileće. Italijanski komandant divizije pustio je generala Flepsa, koji je sledio za prethodnicom, da čeka 20 minuta na periferiji grada. Hauptšturmfirer Nojman, koji je sleteo rodom u Bileću na sastanak sa Italijanima, bio je prinuđen da uzleti. Italijani nisu želeli da dozvole prolaz kroz Bileću. General Fleps je zatražio jednu eskadrilu štuka, koja je potom kružila nad Bilećom, na periferiji grada raspoređena je oklopna četa divizije, ukazujući Italijanima na ozbiljnost situacije – kao poslednji ultimatum – i tek tada se nastupanje konačno moglo nastaviti."

Tekst: Ivan Ž. / Oto Kum.

Fotograf: Anton Vikl, Ratnodopisnički bataljon SS-a.

Datum: 18. maj 1943.

Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.

Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvor fajla: National Archives, 242-JRP-82-22-29.

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova – korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora – korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.

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