30 December 2018

0409 | Photo | Narodnooslobodilačka vojska Jugoslavije



Memorial service for fallen fighters in Belgrade. Priest-Partisan Vladimir Zečević (Commissioner for Internal Affairs of the NKOJ) kisses the cross held by Metropolitan Josif of Skopje (acting patriarch) in the Orthodox cathedral in Belgrade, during a memorial service for the Yugoslav and Soviet fighters fallen in the battle for the capital.

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.
Date: 12 November 1944.
Location: Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: Mudri orač njive Gospodnje – Spomenica Josifa Cvijovića, episkopa bitoljskog i mitropolita skopskog, Svetigora, Cetinje, 2007, p. 421; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu naroda Jugoslavije, Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd, 1971, vol. II, bk 12, p. 290; Atanasije Jevtić (ed.), "Srpska Crkva u Drugom svetskom ratu", Projekat Rastko, Feb. 2000. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Parastos palim borcima u Beogradu. Sveštenik-partizan Vladimir Zečević (poverenik za unutrašnje poslove NKOJ-a) celiva krst iz ruke mitropolita skopskog Josifa (vršioca dužnosti patrijarha) u sabornoj crkvi u Beogradu, tokom parastosa jugoslovenskim i sovjetskim borcima palim u borbama za prestonicu.

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.
Datum: 12. novembar 1944.
Mesto: Beograd, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: Mudri orač njive Gospodnje – Spomenica Josifa Cvijovića, episkopa bitoljskog i mitropolita skopskog, Svetigora, Cetinje, 2007, str. 421; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu naroda Jugoslavije, Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd, 1971, tom II, knj. 12, str. 290; Atanasije Jevtić (prir.), "Srpska Crkva u Drugom svetskom ratu", Projekat Rastko, feb. 2000. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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29 December 2018

0408 | Photo | Prewar



Prince-Regent of Yugoslavia visits Berlin. German Chancellor Adolf Hitler and Prince-Regent Paul of Yugoslavia (centre) watching the march past of the German Air Force Guard Battalion in Berlin-Charlottenburg (in front of the Technical University), during a grand parade in honour of the prince's visit. Pictured on the right are German diplomats Konstantin von Neurath (former Minister of Foreign Affairs, now Protector of Bohemia and Moravia) and Ernst von Weizsäcker (State Secretary in the Foreign Office), wearing sashes of Yugoslav royal orders of the White Eagle (red and white) and St. Sava (white and blue); also seen on the right, in the background, is Colonel General Wilhelm Keitel, chief of the German Armed Forces High Command.

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Hugo Jaeger.
Date: 2 June 1939.
Location: Berlin, Germany.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: Time-Life, 815449, via Google Arts & Culture; eMedals, EG299; ibid., EU11715; Gabriel Eikenberg, "Konstantin Freiherr von Neurath 1873–1956", LeMO, 14.09.2014; Cordula Gehse, "Ernst Freiherr von Weizsäcker 1882–1951", ibid.; "Keitel, Wilhelm", Lexikon der Wehrmacht; Google Street View. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Jugoslovenski knez-namesnik u poseti Berlinu. Nemački kancelar Adolf Hitler i jugoslovenski knez-namesnik Pavle Karađorđević (sredina) posmatraju defile gardijskog bataljona nemačkog vazduhoplovstva u Šarlotenburgu u Berlinu (ispred tehničkog univerziteta), tokom velike parade priređene u čast kneževe posete. Desno na slici stoje nemačke diplomate Konstantin fon Nojrat (bivši ministar spoljnih poslova, sada protektor Češke i Moravske) i Ernst fon Vajczeker (državni sekretar u Ministarstvu spoljnih poslova), sa lentama jugoslovenskih kraljevskih ordena Belog orla (crveno-bela) i Svetog Save (belo-plava); takođe desno, u pozadini, vidi se i general-pukovnik Vilhelm Kajtel, načelnik Vrhovne komande oružanih snaga Nemačke.

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Hugo Jeger.
Datum: 2. jun 1939.
Mesto: Berlin, Nemačka.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: Time-Life, 815449, via Google Arts & Culture; eMedals, EG299; ibid., EU11715; Gabriel Eikenberg, "Konstantin Freiherr von Neurath 1873–1956", LeMO, 14.09.2014; Cordula Gehse, "Ernst Freiherr von Weizsäcker 1882–1951", ibid.; "Keitel, Wilhelm", Lexikon der Wehrmacht; Google Street View. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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21 December 2018

0407 | Photo | 13. SS-Freiwilligen b. h. Gebirgs-Division (Kroatien)



A mounted MP patrol of the 13th SS Division searching a cart on the outskirts of Brčko – one of SS propaganda photos taken after the division's return (from training abroad) to Bosnia, whose goal was to show the SS volunteers restoring order in their homeland, protecting it from Partisan "gangs". (A few months earlier, during a visit to the division in Germany, Reichsführer-SS Himmler stated: "I am convinced – and I believe that history will prove me right – that only this division can restore order in the region." However, history proved him wrong; the SS division was smashed within a year, and the order in its homeland was restored by the Partisans.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Schattinger, SS Regiment "Kurt Eggers".
Date: April 1944.
Location: Brčko, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: "Mounted patrol secures the town exits. A farm wagon, loaded with local products, is stopped and checked. Since the farmer can identify himself and there is nothing to complain about his cargo, he can continue on his way."

Sources: NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 3600; George Lepre, Himmler's Bosnian Division – The Waffen-SS Handschar Division 1943–1945, Schiffer Military History, Atglen, 1997, p. 125; Schattinger, "Der Schleier lüftet sich", Deutsche Zeitung in den Niederlanden, Amsterdam, 08.06.1944, vol. V, no 4, p. 3. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Konjička patrola vojne policije 13. SS-divizije pretresa zaprežna kola na periferiji Brčkog – jedna od propagandnih fotografija SS-a snimljenih po povratku divizije (sa obuke u inostranstvu) u Bosnu, čiji je cilj bio da prikažu kako SS-dobrovoljci zavode red u svojoj domovini, štiteći je od partizanskih "bandi". (Nekoliko meseci ranije, rajhsfirer SS-a Himler je prilikom posete diviziji u Nemačkoj izjavio: "Ubeđen sam – i verujem da će istorija pokazati da sam bio u pravu – da samo ova divizija može uspostaviti red na tom području." Međutim, istorija je pokazala suprotno; SS-divizija je razbijena u roku od godinu dana, a red u njenoj domovini uspostavili su partizani.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Šatinger, SS-puk "Kurt Egers".
Datum: april 1944.
Mesto: Brčko, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: "Konjička patrola osigurava izlaze iz grada. Jedna seoska kola, natovarena domaćim proizvodima, zaustavljena su i pregledana. Pošto seljak ima legitimaciju, a za tovar mu se nema šta prigovoriti, on može produžiti svojim putem."

Izvori: NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 3600; George Lepre, Himmler's Bosnian Division – The Waffen-SS Handschar Division 1943–1945, Schiffer Military History, Atglen, 1997, str. 125; Schattinger, "Der Schleier lüftet sich", Deutsche Zeitung in den Niederlanden, Amsterdam, 08.06.1944, god. V, br. 4, str. 3. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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18 December 2018

0406 | Photo | Comparison



Before and after: Church of St. Apostles Peter and Paul in Kriva Reka. On 12 October 1942, members of the ethnic German SS Division "Prinz Eugen" entered the village of Kriva Reka, searching for the Chetnik Rasina Corps Headquarters, commanded by Major Dragutin Keserović (Operation "Kopaonik"). The Chetniks, however, were warned in time and left the village before the arrival of the Germans, escaping the destruction. In retaliation for housing the insurgents, SS troops burnt Kriva Reka down, killing – in the most brutal ways – everyone in the village, including infants (the reprisals also affected the villages of Mačkovac and Bačevci). Before the massacre, about 45 men, suspected of participating in the uprising, were locked in the old village church (built in 1618 and dedicated to St. Apostles Peter and Paul). Having killed women, children and the old people, ethnic Germans took the imprisoned men out, shot them and then put their bodies back in the church, which they mined. The blowing up of the temple was captured by SS war correspondent Homann. He positioned himself at a safe distance from the mined building, and photographed it precisely a moment before and after the explosives were detonated. In the first picture, the old church is seen for the last time in one piece, surrounded by smoke from the torched settlement (seen on the right is a flaming church bell tower). In the second picture, the chapel is no longer visible, while the ground, trees and the SS photographer's camera shake from the detonation. (The church, however, was not completely destroyed; most of the walls survived, and part of the frescoes.) This was the first action of the "Prinz Eugen" Division. The crime was committed by the I battalion of its 2nd regiment, commanded by sadist Richard Kaaserer (battalion) and August Schmidhuber (regiment). Although they were personally present during the crime, both of them claimed before their investigators after the war that they only later learned about what happened. They were hanged in Belgrade, in early 1947. The division commander, Artur Phleps, was captured and executed by the Soviets two and a half years earlier. The Kriva Reka church has been restored, the same as the village itself, and still stands at the same place. In the old chapel, which celebrates four centuries of existence this year, a solemn memorial service is held every 12 October for the victims of the SS Division "Prinz Eugen".

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Homann, SS War Correspondent Battalion.
Date: 12 October 1942.
Location: Kriva Reka (district of Kopaonik), Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: National Archives, 242-JRP-34-26-15; ibid., 242-JRP-34-26-16; ЦАМО РФ, ф. 240, оп. 2779, д. 1187, л. 79; Otto Kumm, Vorwärts, Prinz Eugen! Geschichte der 7. SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen", Winkelried-Verlag, Dresden, 2007, pp. 45–52; Miodrag Đ. Zečević, Jovan P. Popović (eds.), Dokumenti iz istorije Jugoslavije – Državna komisija za utvrđivanje zločina okupatora i njihovih pomagača iz Drugog svetskog rata, Arhiv Jugoslavije, Printer Komerc, Beograd, 2000, vol. IV, pp. 180–182; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu jugoslovenskih naroda, Vojno delo, Beograd, 1954, vol. I, bk 4, p. 278; Jovo Popović, Vješala za generale, Stvarnost, Zagreb, 1986, pp. 160–163; "Tragedija Krive Reke oktobra 1942", Brus Online, 11.10.2016; Verica Nikolić, Tamara Petrović, "Kriva Reka", RTV Brus (YouTube), 13.10.2017; "Rihard Kazerer", Srbija protiv smrtne kazne, 27.02.2013; "Avgust Šmithuber", ibid., 11.10.2012; "Mesto streljanih žrtava sa grobnicom i crkvom u Krivoj Reci na Kopaoniku", Spomenici kulture u Srbiji; "Istraživački i konzervatorsko-restauratorski radovi na crkvi Sv. Petra i Pavla u Krivoj Reci – op. Brus", Zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture Kraljevo. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Pre i posle: crkva Sv. apostola Petra i Pavla u Krivoj Reci. Dana 12. oktobra 1942. godine, pripadnici folksdojčerske SS-divizije "Princ Ojgen" ušli su u selo Krivu Reku, u potrazi za štabom četničkog Rasinskog korpusa, pod komandom majora Dragutina Keserovića (operacija "Kopaonik"). Četnici su, međutim, na vreme bili upozoreni i selo su napustili pre dolaska Nemaca, izbegavši uništenje. U cilju odmazde za pružanje utočišta ustanicima, esesovci su Krivu Reku spalili, pobivši – na najsvirepije načine – sve u selu, uključujući i odojčad (odmazda je zahvatila i sela Mačkovac i Bačevce). Pre pokolja, oko 45 muškaraca, osumnjičenih za učešće u ustanku, zatvoreno je u staru seosku crkvu (sagrađenu 1618. godine i posvećenu Sv. apostolima Petru i Pavlu). Pobivši žene, decu i starce, folksdojčeri su zarobljene muškarce izveli napolje, streljali, a zatim njihova tela vratili u crkvu, koju su minirali. Dizanje hrama u vazduh ovekovečio je ratni dopisnik SS-a Homan. Stao je na sigurnu udaljenost od minirane građevine, i snimio je tačno trenutak pre i posle aktiviranja eksploziva. Na prvoj slici stara crkva se vidi poslednji put u celini, okružena dimom zapaljenog naselja (desno se vidi plamteći crkveni zvonik). Na drugoj slici bogomolja se više ne vidi, dok se zemlja, drveće i objektiv esesovskog fotografa tresu od detonacije. (Crkva, međutim, nije potpuno uništena; preživeo je veći deo zidova, i jedan deo fresaka.) Ovo je bila prva akcija divizije "Princ Ojgen". Zločin je izvršio I bataljon njenog 2. puka, pod komandom sadiste Riharda Kazerera (bataljon) i Augusta Šmidhubera (puk). Iako su zločinu lično prisustvovali, obojica su posle rata pred islednicima tvrdili da su tek naknadno saznali za njegovo izvršenje. Obešeni su u Beogradu, početkom 1947. godine. Komandant divizije, Artur Fleps, uhvaćen je i pogubljen od Sovjeta dve i po godine ranije. Krivorečka crkva je obnovljena, kao i celo selo, i dan-danas stoji na istom mestu. U staroj bogomolji, koja ove godine slavi četiri veka postojanja, svakog 12. oktobra vrši se svečani parastos žrtvama SS-divizije "Princ Ojgen".

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Homan, Ratnodopisnički bataljon SS-a.
Datum: 12. oktobar 1942.
Mesto: Kriva Reka (srez Kopaonički), Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: National Archives, 242-JRP-34-26-15; ibid., 242-JRP-34-26-16; ЦАМО РФ, ф. 240, оп. 2779, д. 1187, л. 79; Otto Kumm, Vorwärts, Prinz Eugen! Geschichte der 7. SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen", Winkelried-Verlag, Dresden, 2007, str. 45–52; Miodrag Đ. Zečević, Jovan P. Popović (prir.), Dokumenti iz istorije Jugoslavije – Državna komisija za utvrđivanje zločina okupatora i njihovih pomagača iz Drugog svetskog rata, Arhiv Jugoslavije, Printer Komerc, Beograd, 2000, tom IV, str. 180–182; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu jugoslovenskih naroda, Vojno delo, Beograd, 1954, tom I, knj. 4, str. 278; Jovo Popović, Vješala za generale, Stvarnost, Zagreb, 1986, str. 160–163; "Tragedija Krive Reke oktobra 1942", Brus Online, 11.10.2016; Verica Nikolić, Tamara Petrović, "Kriva Reka", RTV Brus (YouTube), 13.10.2017; "Rihard Kazerer", Srbija protiv smrtne kazne, 27.02.2013; "Avgust Šmithuber", ibid., 11.10.2012; "Mesto streljanih žrtava sa grobnicom i crkvom u Krivoj Reci na Kopaoniku", Spomenici kulture u Srbiji; "Istraživački i konzervatorsko-restauratorski radovi na crkvi Sv. Petra i Pavla u Krivoj Reci – op. Brus", Zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture Kraljevo. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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16 December 2018

0405 | Photo | Comparison



Then and now: Čakor Pass. A dishevelled and unshaven SS-Untersturmführer Stefan Steinmair of the Headquarters, 14th Regiment, "Prinz Eugen" Division, poses at the Čakor Pass during Operation "Daredevil". He is surrounded by a German-Albanian horde (out of frame) – soldiers, militiamen and SS volunteers, in uniforms and rags, military boots and peasant shoes, with caps and cloths on their heads, with grinning faces and gloomy eyes, milking goats, skinning sheep and plucking hen, preparing a big lunch. Today, there are no more occupying soldiers nor militiamen there. On the small hill in the background there is a sepulchral memorial to the fallen Partisan Veličko Radenović, commander of the I Platoon, I Company, I Battalion, IX Montenegrin Brigade, raised by his father, whose only son he was. A few steps to the left (out of frame), there is a Partisan memorial to the fallen fighters and victims of fascism, and a board with the inscription: "At this place, on 25 July 1944, the fighters of the IV Krajina Brigade destroyed significant elements of the 'Prinz Eugen' Division and smashed the Albanian Ballists."

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: a) Ernst A. Zwilling, Air Force War Correspondent Battalion South-East; b) unknown.
Date: a) July 1944; b) July 2016.
Location: a) Čakor Pass (district of Andrijevica), Yugoslavia; b) Čakor Pass (municipality of Plav), Montenegro.
Original caption: a) unknown; b) no caption.

Sources: ECPAD, LFT SO F2677 L16; Google Street View; Charles Trang, Dictionnaire de la Waffen-SS, Editions Heimdal, Bayeux, 2011, vol. II, p. 65; "Čakor", Dinarsko gorje. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

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Onda i sada: prevoj Čakor. Razdrljeni i neobrijani SS-unteršturmfirer Štefan Štajnmajer iz štaba 14. puka divizije "Princ Ojgen" pozira na Čakoru za vreme operacije "Drznik". Oko njega se (van kadra) nalazi nemačko-albanska horda – vojnici, milicioneri i SS-dobrovoljci, u uniformama i ritama, cokulama i opancima, sa kapama i krpama na glavi, iscerenih lica i mračnih pogleda, koji muzu koze, deru ovce i čerupaju kokoš, spremajući veliki ručak. Danas na ovom mestu više nema ni okupatorskih vojnika ni milicionera. Na brdašcetu u pozadini stoji krajputaš palom partizanu Veličku Radenoviću, komandiru I voda I čete I bataljona IX crnogorske brigade, koji mu je podigao otac, čiji je bio jedini sin. Par koraka ulevo (van kadra) nalazi se partizanski spomenik palim borcima i žrtvama fašizma, i tabla s natpisom: "Ovdje su 25. jula 1944. godine borci IV krajiške brigade uništili znatne djelove divizije 'Princ Eugen' i razbili albanske baliste."

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: a) Ernst A. Cviling, Vazduhoplovni ratnodopisnički bataljon Jugoistok; b) nepoznat.
Datum: a) jul 1944; b) jul 2016.
Mesto: a) prevoj Čakor (srez Andrijevički), Jugoslavija; b) prevoj Čakor (opština Plav), Crna Gora.
Originalni natpis: a) nepoznat; b) bez natpisa.

Izvori: ECPAD, LFT SO F2677 L16; Google Street View; Charles Trang, Dictionnaire de la Waffen-SS, Editions Heimdal, Bayeux, 2011, tom II, str. 65; "Čakor", Dinarsko gorje. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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14 December 2018

0404 | Photo | SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen"



With ropes and ice axes in their backpacks, mountaineers of the SS Division "Prinz Eugen", led by their machine gunner, practice moving through snow in an idyllic fir forest, in the mountains of Serbia.

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Keintzel, SS War Correspondent Battalion.
Date: December 1942.
Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: "SS mountain troopers in high mountains. Suddenly, heavy snowfalls covered the tall fir forests with a thick snow blanket."

Sources: NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 16165; Cegesoma, 64690. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Sa užadima i cepinima u rancima, planinari SS-divizije "Princ Ojgen", predvođeni svojim mitraljescem, vežbaju kretanje po snegu u jednoj idiličnoj jelovoj šumi, u planinama Srbije.

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Kajncel, Ratnodopisnički bataljon SS-a.
Datum: decembar 1942.
Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: "Brdski lovci SS-a u visokim brdima. Iznenada su jake snežne padavine prekrile visoke jelove šume debelim snežnim pokrivačem."

Izvori: NIOD, via Beeldbank WO2, 16165; Cegesoma, 64690. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

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12 December 2018

0403 | Photo | Unidentified



Massacre in Bosanski Brod. German soldiers and Croatian Home Guards (with old German and French helmets on their heads) posing with a pile of murdered arrestees, allegedly Chetniks, in Bosanski Brod on 26 August 1941. The earliest (known) testimony of the crime was left by Croatian civilians, citizens of Brod, in the appeal they sent the following day to their grand župan: "Lord Grand Župan! Our authorities have lost their minds – all the citizens have found themselves at the mercy of irresponsible people, who got weapons in their hands and now do whatever they please. Yesterday, on the 26th, about 80 innocent people were murdered near Bosanski Brod [...]." Having forwarded the appeal (the next day), the grand župan received (eight days later) the following explanation for the massacre from the police station in Bosanski Brod: "[...] There was a transport of Serbs (Greek Orthodox) from the Derventa area that was escorted on 26 August, during the escort they were agitated and disobedient, and when they reached the new wooden bridge on the Sava, they allegedly began to rebel and flee, and some tried jumping into the Sava, which was why the guards used their weapons, therefore some were killed on the bridge and near the bridge, and some in the Sava, because they jumped into the water, so as far as it could be established, about 42 people were killed, that is, jumped into the Sava." The most detailed record of the crime was left by the secretary of the Operational Party Leadership of the CK KPH, Vlado Popović, in his report to the Main Headquarters (undated – the last day of August or the first days of September): "On [26] August of this year, the Ustasha bandits, assisted by German soldiers, committed another massacre in Slavonski Brod. The massacre took place on the newly-built bridge, in broad daylight. About 50 armed Ustasha thugs escorted over the Brod bridge about 300 arrested villagers and citizens (among them there were many railway workers), all from the Derventa district and the Bosanski Brod area. Among the arrested there were Serbs, Croats and Muslims. When the column reached the bridge, the Ustashas suddenly started shooting the arrestees. A dozen fell immediately. Then the other arrestees started fleeing across the bridge and about 100 of them jumped from the bridge into the Sava, trying to save their lives. The Ustasha criminals fired also at those in the water. The German guards at the bridge, seeing that some of those in the water might save themselves by swimming, came from both sides of the bridge to assist the Ustashas, ​​and they also opened fire from machine guns at the fugitives and at those on the bridge. About 150 people were killed within half an hour. There were many wounded on the bridge. The Ustasha butchers vented their anger by beating the survivors mercilessly with rifle butts. Then they put about 150 survivors in wagons and did not give them food nor water for three days. Several wounded died in those wagons. The Ustasha criminals bragged all over the city that they took care of the rebels and 'Chetniks'. The bitter people, who witnessed these crimes, were squeezing their hands: Judgement day is coming for you too, Ustasha beasts!" (Ironically, 38 years later, Yugoslav historians Latas and Dželebdžić published this picture – which, according to the perpetrators, shows dead Chetniks – at the very end of their propaganda book "The Chetnik Movement of Draža Mihailović 1941–1945", next to photographs of General Mihailović and his men, attempting to equalise the pictured criminals – not the victims – with the general and his movement.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.
Date: 26 August 1941.
Location: Bosanski Brod (district of Derventa), Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: Branko Latas, Milovan Dželebdžić, Četnički pokret Draže Mihailovića 1941–1945, BIGZ, Beograd, 1979, p. 418; Slavko Vukčević (ed.), Zločini na jugoslovenskim prostorima u Prvom i Drugom svetskom ratu – Zbornik dokumenata, Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd, 1993, vol. I, bk 1, pp. 587, 650, 710; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu jugoslovenskih naroda, Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd, 1952, vol. V, bk 1, p. 55.

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Masakr u Bosanskom Brodu. Nemački vojnici i hrvatski domobrani (sa starim nemačkim i francuskim šlemovima na glavi) poziraju sa hrpom pobijenih uhapšenika, navodno četnika, u Bosanskom Brodu 26. avgusta 1941. godine. Najranije (poznato) svedočanstvo o ovom zločinu ostavili su hrvatski civili, Brođani, u žalbi koju su sledećeg dana poslali svom velikom županu: "Gospodin veliki župane! Kod nas je vlast izgubila glavu – svi građani predani su na milost i nemilost neodgovornim ljudima, koji su dobili oružje u ruke i rade što im je volja. Jučer dne 26. pobijeno je u okolici Bos. Broda preko 80 nevinih ljudi [...]." Prosledivši žalbu (sutradan), veliki župan je od policijske stanice u Bosanskom Brodu dobio (osam dana kasnije) sledeće objašnjenje za masakr: "[...] Dana 26. kolovoza praćen [je] jedan transport Srba (grko-istočnjaka) iz okoline Dervente, prilikom pratnje bili [su] nemirni i neposlušni, a kada su došli u blizinu novog drvenog mosta na Savi, navodno su se počeli buniti i bjegati, a po nekoji je pokušao skakati u Savu, radi toga su njihovi pratioci upotrijebili oružje i tako je pobijeno što na mostu i okolici mosta, a nešto u samoj Savi, jer su poskakali u vodu, i kako se je moglo provjeriti ubijeno je odnosno skočilo u Savu oko 42 osobe." Najdetaljniji zapis o zločinu ostavio je sekretar Operativnog partijskog rukovodstva CK KPH, Vlado Popović, u svom izveštaju Glavnom štabu (bez datuma – poslednjeg dana avgusta ili prvih dana septembra): "Dne [26.] kolovoza o. g. izvršili su ustaški banditi, potpomognuti od nemačkih vojnika, još jedan masovni pokolj u Slav. Brodu. Pokolj je izvršen na novosagrađenom mostu, usred bela dana. Oko 50 naoružanih ustaških razbojnika vodili su preko brodskog mosta oko 300 uhapšenih seljaka i građana (među njima je bilo više železničara), svi iz derventskog kotara i okoline Bos. Broda. Među uhapšenima bilo je i Srba, Hrvata i muslimana. Kad je povorka stigla na most, počeli su ustaše iznenada pucati po uhapšenima. Desetak je odmah palo. Na to su ostali uhapšeni stali bežati po mostu i oko 100 ih je poskakalo s mosta u Savu, nastojeći se na taj način spasti. Ustaški zlotvori ciljali su i po onima u vodi. Nemačka straža na mostu, videvši da bi se po neki od onih u vodi plivanjem mogao spasti, priskočila je sa obe strane mosta u pomoć ustašama, pa je i ona otvorila vatru iz puškomitraljeza na begunce i na one na mostu. Oko 150 ljudi ubijeno je u roku od pola sata. Mnogo ih je na mostu ostalo ranjeno. Na preživelima su ustaški krvoloci iskaljivali svoj bes nemilosrdnim kundačenjem. Oko 150 preživelih strpali su zatim u vagone i nisu im tri dana dali ni hrane ni vode. Nekoliko ranjenih umrli su u tim vagonima. Po gradu su se ustaški zlotvori hvalili kako su udesili pobunjenike i 'četnike'. Ogorčeni narod, koji je promatrao ova zlodela, stiskao je šake: Biće i vama suda, ustaške zveri!" (Igrom ironije, 38 godina kasnije, jugoslovenski istoričari Latas i Dželebdžić objavili su ovu sliku – na kojoj su, prema počiniocima zločina, prikazani mrtvi četnici – na samom kraju svoje propagandne knjige "Četnički pokret Draže Mihailovića 1941–1945", pored fotografija generala Mihailovića i njegovih ljudi, pokušavajući da zločince – a ne žrtve – sa slike izjednače sa generalom i njegovim pokretom.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.
Datum: 26. avgust 1941.
Mesto: Bosanski Brod (srez Derventski), Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: Branko Latas, Milovan Dželebdžić, Četnički pokret Draže Mihailovića 1941–1945, BIGZ, Beograd, 1979, str. 418; Slavko Vukčević (ured.), Zločini na jugoslovenskim prostorima u Prvom i Drugom svetskom ratu – Zbornik dokumenata, Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd, 1993, tom I, knj. 1, str. 587, 650, 710; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu jugoslovenskih naroda, Vojnoistorijski institut, Beograd, 1952, tom V, knj. 1, str. 55.

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova; korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora; korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.

11 December 2018

0402 | Photo | Unidentified



German propaganda against the Chetniks: neat German soldiers pose with a group of unshaven and dishevelled prisoners in civilian clothes (maybe even ordinary villagers), allegedly Draža Mihailović's Chetniks. The photo was published in April 1943 (between operations "White" and "Black") in "The Armed Forces" (Die Wehrmacht) magazine, in a massive report entitled "The anti-bandit war in ex-Yugoslavia" (dedicated primarily to General Mihailović), with the following caption: "Members of the gangs of the 'Minister of War' Draža Mihailović. The man on the right in the foreground still wears an old Yugoslav field cap. After all, their faces speak for themselves."

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.
Date: 1942/1943.
Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: Kurt Pauli, "Der Bandenkrieg in Ex-Jugoslawien", Die Wehrmacht, Berlin, 07.04.1943, vol. VII, no 8, p. 3.

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Nemačka propaganda protiv četnika: uredni nemački vojnici poziraju sa grupom neobrijanih i razdrljenih zarobljenika u civilu (možda i običnih seljaka), navodno četnicima Draže Mihailovića. Fotografija je objavljena aprila 1943. godine (između operacija "Belo" i "Crno") u časopisu "Oružane snage" (Die Wehrmacht), u obilnoj reportaži nazvanoj "Rat protiv bandi u bivšoj Jugoslaviji" (posvećenoj prvenstveno generalu Mihailoviću), uz sledeći natpis: "Pripadnici bandi 'ministra vojnog' Draže Mihailovića. Čovek u prvom planu desno još uvek nosi staru jugoslovensku vojnu kapu. Uostalom, njihova lica sve govore."

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.
Datum: 1942/1943.
Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: Kurt Pauli, "Der Bandenkrieg in Ex-Jugoslawien", Die Wehrmacht, Berlin, 07.04.1943, god. VII, br. 8, str. 3.

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova; korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora; korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.

08 December 2018

0401 | Photo | SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen"



Reichsführer-SS visits the SS Division "Prinz Eugen". SS-Gruppenführer August Meyszner, SS and Police Commander in Serbia, greets the solemn guest at dinner. Sitting at the table, from left to right, are: SS-Standartenführer Dr Emanuel Schäfer, chief of the Security Police in Serbia (the man who cleansed Serbia from Jews), Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler (one of the creators of the Holocaust), SS-Standartenführer Stefan Hedrich, infantry commander and deputy division commander, and SS-Standartenführer Martin Konradt, commander of the division's artillery regiment; with their backs turned: SS-Gruppenführer Artur Phleps, division commander (whose troops five days earlier committed the massacre of civilians in the village of Kriva Reka), SS-Obergruppenführer Karl Wolff, chief of the Personal Staff of the Reichsführer-SS, and SS-Obersturmbannführer Otto Bayer, chief of the division's political department. On the wall in the background there is a portrait of Prince Eugene (Eugen) of Savoy, whose 279th birthday the division would be celebrating the next day in the company of the Reichsführer. (Himmler visited the "Prinz Eugen" Division along the way, while returning from Italy. He stayed in Serbia for less than 20 hours. He used this occasion to boost the morale of the newly-formed division with his presence and words, and to promote some of the officers. Among others, the Reichsführer promoted Richard Kaaserer, whose battalion committed the massacre in Kriva Reka.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Homann, SS War Correspondent Battalion.
Date: 17 October 1942.
Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: National Archives, 242-JRP-34-27-3A; Otto Kumm, Vorwärts, Prinz Eugen! Geschichte der 7. SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen", Winkelried-Verlag, Dresden, 2007, pp. 41–42, 52; Walter Manoschek, Holokaust u Srbiji – Vojna okupaciona politika i uništavanje Jevreja 1941–1942 (trans. Agnes Eremija et al.), Službeni list SRJ, Draslar partner, Beograd, 2007, p. 185; Miodrag Đ. Zečević, Jovan P. Popović (eds.), Dokumenti iz istorije Jugoslavije – Državna komisija za utvrđivanje zločina okupatora i njihovih pomagača iz Drugog svetskog rata, Arhiv Jugoslavije, Printer Komerc, Beograd, 2000, vol. IV, pp. 180–182; Peter Longerich, Heinrich Himmler (trans. Jeremy Noakes, Lesley Sharpe), Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 612; David Irving, The Himmler Decodes, 2007, p. 11; Eckhart G. Franz, "Wolff, Karl", Stadtlexikon Darmstadt; Max Braubach, "Eugen, Prinz von Savoyen", Deutsche Biographie. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Rajhsfirer SS-a u poseti SS-diviziji "Princ Ojgen". SS-grupenfirer August Majsner, komandant SS-a i policije u Srbiji, pozdravlja svečanog gosta za večerom. Sleva nadesno, za trpezom sede: SS-štandartenfirer dr Emanuel Šefer, šef policije bezbednosti u Srbiji (čovek koji je očistio Srbiju od Jevreja), rajhsfirer SS-a Hajnrih Himler (jedan od tvoraca holokausta), SS-štandartenfirer Štefan Hedrih, komandant pešadije i zamenik komandanta divizije, i SS-štandartenfirer Martin Konrat, komandant artiljerijskog puka divizije; okrenuti leđima: SS-grupenfirer Artur Fleps, komandant divizije (čije su trupe pet dana ranije izvršile pokolj civila u selu Krivoj Reci), SS-obergrupenfirer Karl Volf, načelnik Ličnog štaba rajhsfirera SS-a, i SS-oberšturmbanfirer Oto Bajer, načelnik političkog odeljenja divizije. Na zidu u pozadini stoji portret princa Evgenija (Ojgena) Savojskog, čiji će 279. rođendan divizija sutradan proslaviti u društvu svog rajhsfirera. (Himler je diviziju "Princ Ojgen" posetio usput, pri povratku iz Italije. U Srbiji se zadržao nepunih 20 časova. Ovu priliku je iskoristio da svojim prisustvom i rečima podigne moral novoformiranoj diviziji, i unapredi neke od njenih oficira. Između ostalih, rajhsfirer je unapredio i Riharda Kazerera, čiji je bataljon izvršio pokolj u Krivoj Reci.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Homan, Ratnodopisnički bataljon SS-a.
Datum: 17. oktobar 1942.
Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: National Archives, 242-JRP-34-27-3A; Otto Kumm, Vorwärts, Prinz Eugen! Geschichte der 7. SS-Freiwilligen-Division "Prinz Eugen", Winkelried-Verlag, Dresden, 2007, str. 41–42, 52; Walter Manoschek, Holokaust u Srbiji – Vojna okupaciona politika i uništavanje Jevreja 1941–1942 (prev. Agnes Eremija et al.), Službeni list SRJ, Draslar partner, Beograd, 2007, str. 185; Miodrag Đ. Zečević, Jovan P. Popović (prir.), Dokumenti iz istorije Jugoslavije – Državna komisija za utvrđivanje zločina okupatora i njihovih pomagača iz Drugog svetskog rata, Arhiv Jugoslavije, Printer Komerc, Beograd, 2000, tom IV, str. 180–182; Peter Longerich, Heinrich Himmler (prev. Jeremy Noakes, Lesley Sharpe), Oxford University Press, 2012, str. 612; David Irving, The Himmler Decodes, 2007, str. 11; Eckhart G. Franz, "Wolff, Karl", Stadtlexikon Darmstadt; Max Braubach, "Eugen, Prinz von Savoyen", Deutsche Biographie. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova; korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora; korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.

06 December 2018

0400 | Photo | Soldatensender Belgrad



Soldiers' Radio Belgrade Winter Season Opening at the National Theatre. Smiling from ear to ear, German-Jewish comedian Claire Schlichting entertains German troops in a packed theatre in the capital of Serbia, which was four months earlier declared "free of Jews" (Judenfrei).

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Homann, SS War Correspondent Battalion.
Date: 3 October 1942.
Location: Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: National Archives, 242-JRP-34-21-12A; Walter Manoschek, Holokaust u Srbiji – Vojna okupaciona politika i uništavanje Jevreja 1941–1942 (trans. Agnes Eremija et al.), Službeni list SRJ, Draslar partner, Beograd, 2007, p. 185; Jonathan Scheiner, "Mehr als die Todesfuge – Ben Becker und Giora Feidman über ihr Paul-Celan-Programm 'Zweistimmig'", Jüdische Allgemeine (online), 12.08.2013. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Otvaranje zimske sezone Vojničkog radija Beograd u Narodnom pozorištu. Nasmejana od uha do uha, nemačko-jevrejska komičarka Kler Šlihting zabavlja nemačke trupe u krcatom pozorištu u glavnom gradu Srbije, koja je četiri meseca ranije proglašena "slobodnom od Jevreja" (Judenfrei).

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Homan, Ratnodopisnički bataljon SS-a.
Datum: 3. oktobar 1942.
Mesto: Beograd, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: National Archives, 242-JRP-34-21-12A; Walter Manoschek, Holokaust u Srbiji – Vojna okupaciona politika i uništavanje Jevreja 1941–1942 (prev. Agnes Eremija et al.), Službeni list SRJ, Draslar partner, Beograd, 2007, str. 185; Jonathan Scheiner, "Mehr als die Todesfuge – Ben Becker und Giora Feidman über ihr Paul-Celan-Programm 'Zweistimmig'", Jüdische Allgemeine (online), 12.08.2013. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova; korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora; korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.

04 December 2018

0399 | Photo | Panzer-Abteilung 202



Operation "Black". Hotchkiss tanks (H39) of the 2nd Company, 202nd Armoured Battalion, attached to the SS Division "Prinz Eugen" (right column), passing by a destroyed house on the Stolac–Bileća road, while pursuing the Herzegovinian Chetniks. The German photographer, SS war correspondent Kollik, described the image as follows: "Captured in a surprise attack. The tanks advance as vanguard past the houses destroyed by the gangs in earlier fighting." (The title of the report refers to the Chetniks, who were indeed captured in a surprise attack.) The photo, however, got a much more imaginative caption from Allied reporters (ACME), who copied it from the German press: "Destroy all for few. Yugoslavia. A Nazi tank patrols the devastated streets of a Yugoslav village which was deliberately razed after the capture of a band of Chetniks hiding out in the mountain town. When the presence of the patriotic band was suspected, German troops were dispatched to clear up the district. The village was surrounded, and after fierce fighting the guerrillas surrendered, carrying their flag. The next typical Nazi step was to destroy the town nestled in the mountains of Herzegovina. In the words of the German caption: 'Tanks patrolled the streets of the village which was destroyed without fresh fighting.' This inning belongs to the patriots who have opened a full-scale anti-Axis offensive in eastern and central Bosnia with several towns already captured by forces of General Mikhailovitch." (The Chetniks did prepare a full-scale offensive, as the German reports confirm, but the Germans forestalled it with their big counter-guerrilla operation. Everything else stated in the Allied caption was a product of journalistic imagination. There was no fighting near this, judging by other images, isolated ruin on the Stolac–Bileća road.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: Kollik, SS War Correspondent Battalion.
Date: May 1943.
Location: unknown, Yugoslavia.
Original caption: "Captured in a surprise attack. The tanks advance as vanguard past the houses destroyed by the gangs in earlier fighting."

Sources: National Archives, 242-JRP-45-39-21; ibid., RG 242, T314, r. 560, 000808; ibid., T78, r. 332, 6289986; ibid., T311, r. 175, 001440; ibid., 001420–32; Cegesoma, 64703; eBay, arieteii, 322203901660. (Photo restoration: Ivan Ž.)

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Operacija "Crno". Hočkisovi tenkovi (H-39) 2. čete 202. oklopnog bataljona, priključeni SS-diviziji "Princ Ojgen" (desnoj koloni), prolaze pored jedne razrušene kuće na putu Stolac–Bileća, goneći hercegovačke četnike. Nemački fotograf, ratni dopisnik SS-a Kolik, sliku je opisao sledećim rečima: "U iznenadnom napadu zarobljeni. Tenkovi nastupaju kao prethodnica pored kuća uništenih od bandi u ranijim borbama." (Naslov reportaže se odnosi na četnike, koji su zaista u iznenadnom napadu zarobljeni.) Fotografija je, međutim, znatno maštovitiji natpis dobila od savezničkih reportera (ACME), koji su je preuzeli iz nemačke štampe: "Uništiti sve zbog nekolicine. Jugoslavija. Nacistički tenk patrolira razorenim ulicama jugoslovenskog sela koje je namerno uništeno nakon hvatanja grupe četnika koja se skrivala u ovom planinskom gradu. Kada se posumnjalo na prisustvo grupe rodoljuba, nemačke trupe su poslate da raščiste oblast. Selo je opkoljeno i posle žestokih borbi gerilci su se predali, noseći svoju zastavu. Sledeći uobičajeni nacistički korak bio je uništenje ovog grada u Hercegovini. Po rečima nemačkog natpisa: 'Tenkovi su patrolirali ulicama sela koje je uništeno bez novih borbi.' Sada su na redu rodoljubi koji su otpočeli opštu ofanzivu protiv Osovine u istočnoj i centralnoj Bosni, tokom koje su snage generala Mihailovića već zauzele nekoliko gradova." (Četnici jesu pripremali opštu ofanzivu, što potvrđuju i nemački izveštaji, ali su je Nemci sprečili svojom velikom protivustaničkom operacijom. Sve ostalo navedeno u savezničkom natpisu plod je novinarske mašte. Nikakve borbe nisu vođene kod ove, sudeći po ostalim slikama, usamljene ruševine na putu Stolac–Bileća.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: Kolik, Ratnodopisnički bataljon SS-a.
Datum: maj 1943.
Mesto: nepoznato, Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: "U iznenadnom napadu zarobljeni. Tenkovi nastupaju kao prethodnica pored kuća uništenih od bandi u ranijim borbama."

Izvori: National Archives, 242-JRP-45-39-21; ibid., RG 242, T314, r. 560, 000808; ibid., T78, r. 332, 6289986; ibid., T311, r. 175, 001440; ibid., 001420–32; Cegesoma, 64703; eBay, arieteii, 322203901660. (Foto-restauracija: Ivan Ž.)

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova; korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora; korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.

03 December 2018

0398 | Photo | 13. Waffen-Gebirgs-Division der SS "Handschar" (kroatische Nr. 1)



A patrol of the "Handschar" Division slaughtered by the Partisans (members of the VII Vojvodina Brigade or the II Syrmian Detachment) prior to their attack on the Strošinci stronghold, on the night of 9/10 July 1944. (This rare photo, which is kept in the German Federal Archives, originates from the collection of the slaughtered soldiers' commander, Dr Herbert Jöllingen, who took over their company only three days before the Partisan attack.)

Text: Ivan Ž.

Photographer: unknown.
Date: 10 July 1944.
Location: Strošinci (district of Šid), Yugoslavia.
Original caption: unknown.

Sources: Bundesarchiv, N 756/168a; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu jugoslovenskih naroda, Vojno delo, Beograd, 1956, vol. I, bk 8, pp. 251–252; Nikola Božić, Sedma vojvođanska NOU brigada, Vojnoizdavački zavod, Beograd, 1984, p. 41.

NOT ALLOWED: removing source credits from the files; using text without crediting the original author; using files and information for political propaganda and commercial purposes.



Patrola "Handžar" divizije zaklana od partizana (pripadnika VII vojvođanske brigade ili II sremskog odreda) pred njihov napad na uporište u Strošincima, u noći između 9. i 10. jula 1944. godine. (Ova retka fotografija, koja se čuva u nemačkom saveznom arhivu, potiče iz zbirke komandira zaklanih vojnika, dr Herberta Jelingena, koji je preuzeo komandu nad njihovom četom samo tri dana pred partizanski napad.)

Tekst: Ivan Ž.

Fotograf: nepoznat.
Datum: 10. jul 1944.
Mesto: Strošinci (srez Šidski), Jugoslavija.
Originalni natpis: nepoznat.

Izvori: Bundesarchiv, N 756/168a; Zbornik dokumenata i podataka o narodnooslobodilačkom ratu jugoslovenskih naroda, Vojno delo, Beograd, 1956, tom I, knj. 8, str. 251–252; Nikola Božić, Sedma vojvođanska NOU brigada, Vojnoizdavački zavod, Beograd, 1984, str. 41.

NIJE DOZVOLJENO: uklanjanje naziva izvora sa fajlova; korišćenje teksta bez navođenja izvornog autora; korišćenje fajlova i informacija u političko-propagandne i komercijalne svrhe.

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